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 Vaccination
protocols
for pets in USA
Dr. Dodd's vaccination protocol
is now being adopted by ALL 27 North American veterinary schools. I
highly recommend that you read this. Copy and save it to your files.
Print it and pass it out at dog
fairs, cat shows, kennel club meetings, dog parks, give a copy to your
veterinarian and groomer, etc., etc. Get the word out.
VACCINATION NEWSFLASH
I would like to make you aware
that all 27 veterinary schools in North America are in the process of
changing their protocols for vaccinating dogs and cats. Some of this
information will present an ethical & economic challenge to vets, and
there will be skeptics. Some organizations have come up with a political
compromise suggesting vaccinations every 3 years to appease those who
fear loss of income vs. those concerned about potential side effects.
Politics, traditions, or the doctor's economic well being should not be
a factor in medical decision.
NEW PRINCIPLES OF IMMUNOLOGY
"Dogs and cats immune systems
mature fully at 6 months. If a modified live virus vaccine is given
after 6 months of age, it produces an immunity which is good for the
life of the pet (ie: canine distemper, parvo, feline distemper). If
another MLV vaccine is given a year later, the antibodies from the first
vaccine neutralize the antigens of the second vaccine and there is
little or no effect. The titer is not "boosted" nor are more memory
cells induced." Not only are annual boosters for parvo and distemper
unnecessary, they subject the pet to potential risks of allergic
reactions and immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. "There is no scientific
documentation to back up label claims for annual administration of MLV
vaccines." Puppies receive antibodies through their mothers milk. This
natural protection can last 8-14 weeks.
Puppies & kittens should NOT be
vaccinated at LESS than 8 weeks. Maternal immunity will neutralize the
vaccine and little protection (0-38%) will be produced. Vaccination at 6
weeks will, however, delay the timing of the first highly effective
vaccine. Vaccinations given 2 weeks apart suppress rather than stimulate
the immune system. A series of vaccinations is given starting at 8 weeks
and given 3-4 weeks apart up to 16 weeks of age. Another vaccination
given sometime after 6 months of age (usually at 1 year 4 mo) will
provide lifetime immunity.
CURRENT RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DOGS
Distemper & Parvo
"According to Dr. Schultz, AVMA,
8-15-95, when a vaccinations series given at 2, 3 & 4 months and again
at 1 year with a MLV, puppies and kitten program memory cells that
survive for life, providing lifelong immunity." Dr. Carmichael at
Cornell and Dr. Schultz have studies showing immunity against challenge
at 2-10 years for canine distemper & 4 years for parvovirus. Studies for
longer duration are pending. "There are no new strains of parvovirus as
one mfg. would like to suggest. Parvovirus vaccination provides cross
immunity for all types."
Hepatitis (Adenovirus)
It's one of the agents known to
be a cause of kennel cough. Only vaccines with CAV-2 should be used as
CAV-1 vaccines carry the risk of "hepatitis blue-eye" reactions & kidney
damage.
Bordetella Parainfluenza
Commonly called "Kennel cough".
Recommended only for those dogs boarded, groomed, taken to dog
shows, or for any reason housed where exposed to a lot of dogs. The
intranasal vaccine provides more complete and more rapid onset of
immunity with less chance of reaction. Immunity requires 72 hours and
does not protect from every cause of kennel cough. Immunity is of short
duration (4 to 6 months).
Rabies
There have been no reported
cases of rabid dogs or cats in Harris, Montogomery or Ft. Bend Counties
[Texas], there have been rabid skunks and bats so the potential exists.
It is a killed vaccine and must be given every year.
Lyme disease
It's a tick born disease which
can cause lameness, kidney failure and heart disease in dogs. Ticks can
also transmit the disease to humans. The original Ft. Dodge killed
bacteria has proven to be the most effective vaccine. Lyme disease
prevention should emphasize early removal of ticks. Amitraz collars are
more effective than Top Spot, as amitraz paralyzes the tick's mouth
parts preventing transmission of disease.
VACCINATIONS NOT RECOMMENDED
Multiple components in vaccines
compete with each other for the immune system and result in lesser
immunity for each individual disease as well as increasing the risk of a
reaction.
Canine Corona Virus is
only a disease of puppies. It is rare, self limiting (dogs get well in 3
days without treatment). Cornell & Texas A&M have only diagnosed one
case each in the last 7 years. Corona virus does not cause disease in
adult dogs.
Leptospirosis vaccine
is a common cause of adverse reactions in dogs . Most of the clinical
cases of lepto reported in dogs in the US are caused by serovaars (or
types) grippotyphosa and bratsilvia. The vaccines contain different
serovaars eanicola and ictohemorrhagica. Cross protection is not
provided and protection is short lived. Lepto vaccine is
immuno-supressive to puppies less than 16 weeks.
NEW RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CATS
Feline vaccine related
Fibrosarcoma is a type of terminal cancer related in inflammation
caused by rabies & leukemia vaccines . This cancer is thought to affect
1 in 10,000 cats vaccinated. Vaccines with aluminum adjuvant, an
ingredient included to stimulate the immune system, have been implicated
as a higher risk. We now recommend a non-adjuvanted rabies vaccine for
cats . Testing by Dr. Macy, Colorado State, has shown this vaccine to
have the lowest tissue reaction and although there is no guarantee that
a vaccine induced sarcoma will not develop, the risk will be much lower
than with other vaccines.
Program injectable 6 mo flea
prevention for cats has been shown to be very tissue reactive &
therefore has the potential of inducing an injection site fiborsarcoma.
If your cats develops a lump at the site of a vaccination, we recommend
that it be removed ASAP, within 3-12 weeks.
Feline Leukemia Virus Vaccine
This virus is the leading viral
killer of cats. The individuals most at risk of infection are young
outdoor cats, indoor/outdoor cats and cats exposed to such individuals.
Indoor only cats with no exposure to potentially infected cats are
unlikely to become infected. All cats should be tested prior to
vaccination. Cats over one year of age are naturally immune to Fel.V
whether they are vaccinated or not, so annual vaccination of adult cats
is NOT necessary. The incubation period of Feline leukemia can be over 3
years, so if your cat is in the incubation state of the disease prior to
vaccination, the vaccine will not prevent the disease.
Feline Panleukopenia Virus
Vaccine
Also called feline distemper is a highly contagious and deadly viral
disease of kittens. It's extremely hardy and is resistant to extremes in
temperature and to most available disinfectants. Although an effective
treatment protocol is available, it is expensive to treat because of the
serious nature of the disease and the continued presence of virus in the
environment, vaccination is highly recommended for all kittens . Cats
vaccinated at 6 month or older with either killed or MLV vaccine will
produce an immunity good for life. Adult cats do NOT need this vaccine.
Feline Calicivirus/Herpesvirus
Vaccine
Responsible for 80-90% of
infectious feline upper respiratory tract diseases. The currently
available injectable vaccines will minimize the severity of upper
respiratory infections, although none will prevent disease in all
situations .. Intranasal vaccines are more effective at preventing the
disease entirely. Don't worry about normal sneezing for a couple of days.
Because intranasal vaccines produce an immunity of shorter durations,
annual vaccination is recommended.
VACCINES NOT RECOMMENDED
Chlamydia or pneumonitis
The vaccine produces on a short
(2 month) duration of immunity and accounts for less than 5% of upper
respiratory infections in cats. The risks outweigh the benefits.
Feline Infectious Peritonitis
A controversial vaccine. Most
kittens that contract FIP become infected during the first 3 months of
life. The vaccine is labeled for use at 16 weeks. All 27 vet schools do
not recommend the vaccine.
Bordetella
A new vaccine for feline bordetella has been
introduced. Dr. Wolfe of Texas A&M says that bordetella is a normal
flora and does not cause disease in adult cats. Dr. Lappin of Colorado
State says that a review of the Colorado State medical records reveals
not one case diagnosed in 10 years.
NEW DEVELOPMENTS
Giardia is the most common intestinal parasite of
humans in North America, 30% or more of all dogs & cats are infected
with giardia. It has now been demonstrated that humans can transmit
giardia to dogs & cats & vice versa. Heartworm preventative must be
given year round in Houston .
VACCINES BADLY NEEDED
New vaccines in development include: Feline
Immunodeficiency Virus and cat scratch fever vaccine for cats and
Ehrlichia [one of the other tick diseases, much worse than Lymes] for
dogs.
THE VIEW FROM THE TRENCHES :
BUSINESS ASPECTS
Most vets recommend annual boosters and most kennel operators require
them. For years the pricing structure of vets has misled clients into
thinking that the inherent value of an annual office visit was in the "shots"
they failed to emphasize the importance of a physical exam for early
detection of treatable diseases. It is my hope that you will continue to
require rabies & Kennel cough and emphasize the importance of a recent
vet exam. I also hope you will accept the new protocols and honor these
pets as currently vaccinated. Those in the boarding business who will
honor the new vaccine protocols can gain new customers who were turned
away from vet owned boarding facilities reluctant to change.
CONCLUSION
Dogs & cats no longer need to be
vaccinated against distemper, parvo, & feline leukemia every year . Once
the initial series of puppy or kitten vaccinations and first annual
vaccinations are completed, immunity from MLV vaccines persists for
life. It has been shown that cats over 1 year of age are immune to
Feline Leukemia whether they have been vaccinated or not. Imagine the
money you will save, not to mention less risks from side effects. PCR
rabies vaccine, because it is not adjuvanted, will mean less risk of
mediated hemolytic anemia and allergic reactions are reduced by less
frequent use of vaccines as well as by avoiding unnecessary vaccines
such as K-9 Corona virus and chlamydia for cats, as well as
ineffective vaccines such as Leptospirosis and FIP. Intranasal vaccine
for Rhiotracheitis and Calici virus, two upper respiratory viruses of
cats provide more complete protection than injectable vaccines with less
risk of serious reactions.
The AAHA and all 27 veterinary schools of North America are our biggest
endorsement for these new protocols.
Dr Bob Rogers, DVM
Please consider as current on all vaccinations for boarding purposes .
DOGS
Initial series of puppy
vaccines
1. Distemper, hepatitis, parvo,
parinfluenze - 3 sets one month apart concluding at 16 weeks of age.
2. Rabies at 16 weeks of age (later
is better)
3. Bordetella within last 4-6
months
First annual (usually at 1 year and 4 months of age)
1. DHP, Parvo, Rabies
2. Bordetella within last 4-6
months
2 years or older
1. Rabies with in last year
2. Bordetella within last 4-6
months
3. DHP & Parvo given anytime
over 6 months of age , but not necessarily within the last year.
Recommended: Physical exam for
transmissible diseases and health risks.
CATS
Initial kitten series
1. Distemper [PLP], Rhino
Calicivirus, Feline Leukemia Vaccine - 3 sets given one month apart
concluding at 16 weeks.
2. Rabies at 16 weeks
First Annual [usually at 1 year
and 4 months of age]
1. Distemper (PLP), Rhino
Calicivirus, Rabies
2 years or older
1. Rabies within the last year
2. Rhino Calicivirus within last
year
3. Distemper and FelV given
anytime after 6 months of age, but not necessarily with the last year.
Recommended: Physical
exam, FeLV/FIV testing, fecal exam for giardia.
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